语法
Comparison of Adjectives 形容词的比较
Positive Degree 原级形容词
We use the Positive Degree to compare two equal persons or things. ‘As’ is used before and after the adjective (as … as).
我们用原级形容词来比较两个同等的人或两件同等的物品。形容词之前及之后须加上‘as’(as … as)。
Examples:
例子:
as big as 同样大
as small as 同样小
as tall as 同样高
as short as 同样矮
as clever as 同样聪明
as young as 同样年轻
Weixing runs as fast as I.
伟兴跑得和我一样快。
Your bicycle is as new as Yuxia’s.
你的自行车和玉霞的一样新。
Gao Lin is as naughty as Lien.
高林和利恩一样顽皮。
This job is as easy as that.
这项任务和那项同样容易。
Your dictionary is as thick as mine.
你的字典和我的同样厚。
Mr. Deng is as wealthy as Mr. Shen.
邓先生和沈先生同样富有。
Comparative Degree 比较级形容词
We use the Comparative Degree to compare two unequal persons or things. The comparative of an adjective is normally formed by adding ‘er’ to the adjective, followed by ‘than’ (…er than).
我们用比较级形容词来比较两个不同等的人或两件不同等的物品。通常，比较级形容词的形成方式是在形容词的末端加上‘er than’(…er than)。
Examples:
例子:
strong - stronger than 比较强壮
weak - weaker than 比较虚弱
quiet - quieter than 比较安静
rich - richer than 比较富有
poor - poorer than 比较贫穷
clean - cleaner than 比较干净
Zhenzhen is fairer than Meilan.
珍珍比美兰公正。
Wenfu is taller than Jianping.
文福比健平高。
My chair is lighter than yours.
我的椅子比你的轻。
Pond A is deeper than Pond B.
池塘 A 比池塘 B 深。
Your handwriting is neater than mine.
你的书写比我的整齐。
Mrs. Li’s house is cleaner than Mrs. Miao’s.
李太太的家比苗太太的干净。
We form the comparative of some adjectives, especially those that end in ‘ful’ and those with three or more syllables, by adding ‘more’ before the adjectives and ‘than’ after them (more … than).
有些比较级形容词（尤其是以‘ful’结尾及那些有三或更多音节的形容词）的形成方式是在形容词前后分别加上‘more’和‘than’(more … than)。
Examples:
例子:
useful – more useful than 比较实用
beautiful – more beautiful than 比较漂亮
forgetful – more forgetful than 比较健忘
interesting – more interesting than 比较有趣
important – more important than 比较重要
comfortable – more comfortable than 比较舒服
Zhaoji’s painting is more beautiful than his brother’s.
照基的油画比他弟弟的漂亮。
I can see that your book is more useful than mine.
我看得出你的书比我的有用。
This story is more interesting than the one I read yesterday.
这个故事比我昨天读的那个更有趣。
The new sofa is certainly more comfortable than the old one.
那个新沙发肯定比那个旧的更舒适。
Superlative Degree
We use the Superlative Degree to compare three or more unequal persons or things. The superlative of an adjective is normally formed by adding ‘the’ before the adjective, followed by the adjective with ‘est’ added (the …est).
我们用最高级形容词来比较三个或更多不同等的人或物品。最高级形容词的形成方式通常是在形容词的前后分别加上‘the’和‘est’ (the …est)。
Examples:
例子:
high - the highest 最高
low - the lowest 最低
dark - the darkest 最阴暗
thin - the thinnest 最薄
heavy - the heaviest 最重
safe - the safest 最安全
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。
This is the widest road in this city.
这条路是这个城市里最宽阔的。
Jinlan is the prettiest girl in my class.
金兰是我的班上最漂亮的女孩。
The cheetah is the fastest of all animals.
猎豹是所有的动物当中跑得最快的。
This is the longest zip that I have ever seen.
这是我曾经见过的最长的拉链。
He is the eldest child in his family.
他是他家庭里的长子。
We form the superlative of some adjectives, especially those that end in‘ful’and those with three or more syllables, by adding‘the most’before the adjectives (the most ...).
有些最高级形容词 (尤其是以‘ful’结尾及和那些有三或更多音节的形容词) 的形成方式是在形容词前加上‘the most’(the most ...)。
Examples:
例子:
skillful – the most skillful 最熟练
wonderful – the most wonderful 最小心
careful – the most careful 最美好
dangerous – the most dangerous 最危险
talkative – the most talkative 最多话
difficult – the most difficult 最困难
Daqiang is the most skillful of all the workers here.
大强是这里所有的工人当中最熟练的。
You’ve just given me the most wonderful present in the world.
你刚刚给了我一份全世界最美好的礼物。
Gold is the most valuable metal on earth.
金是地球上最值钱的金属。
This medicine is the most effective treatment for your illness.
这药是对你的病最有效的治疗。
*The comparative and superlative of some adjectives are irregularly formed.
*有些形容词的比较级和最高级的形成方式不规则。
Examples:
例子:
| Positive 原级 | Comparative 比较级 | Superlative 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| good 好 | better than 比较好 | the best 最好 |
| bad 差 | worse than 比较差 | the worst 最差 |
| little 少 | less than 比较少 | the least 最少 |
| much 多 | more than 比较多 | the most 最多 |
| many 多 | more than 比较多 | the most 最多 |
Xiaoyan’s command of English is as good as Huizhen’s.
小燕和慧珍同样精通英语。
Xiaobao speaks better English than Fukang.
小宝的英语说得比福康好。
Dongdong speaks the best English among the five friends.
五个朋友当中，冬冬的英语说得最好。
Xiaohan’s handwriting is as bad as Xiaobin’s
小汉的书写和小彬的一样差。
Your handwriting is worse than mine.
你的书写比我的差。
Yongle’s handwriting is the worst among all of us.
在我们当中，永乐的书写是最差的。
*There are adjectives with two possible forms of comparison.
*有些形容词的比较级和最高级有两个形成方式。
Examples:
例子:
| Positive 原级 | Comparative 比较级 | Superlative 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| common 普遍 | commoner than / more common than 比较普遍 | the commonest / the most common 最普遍 |
| handsome 英俊 | handsomer than / more handsome than 比较英俊 | the handsomest / the most handsome 最英俊 |
| likely 可能 | likelier than / more likely than 比较可能 | the likeliest / the most likely 最可能 |
| pleasant 令人愉快的 | pleasanter than / more pleasant than 比较令人愉快的 | the pleasantest / the most pleasant 最令人愉快的 |
| polite 有礼貌 | politer than / more polite than 比较有礼貌 | the politest / the most polite 最有礼貌 |
| simple 简单 | simpler than / more simple than 比较简单 | the simplest / the most simple 最简单 |
| stupid 愚笨 | stupider than / more stupid than 比较愚笨 | the stupidest / the most stupid 最愚笨 |
| subtle 机智 | subtler than / more subtle than 比较机智 | the subtlest / the most subtle 最机智 |
| sure 肯定 | surer than / more sure than 比较肯定 | the surest / the most sure 最肯定 |
Qifa is handsomer than Lixiang. / Qifa is more handsome than Lixiang.
启发比利翔英俊。
To me, this the pleasantest place on earth. / To me, this is the most pleasant place on earth.
对我来说，这是地球上最令人愉快的地方。
Ricky’s plan is simpler than Alan’s. / Ricky’s plan is more simple than Alan’s.
里基的计划比艾伦的简单。
Jinfeng is the politest lady in the office. / Jinfeng is the most polite lady in the office.
在办公室里，金凤是最有礼貌的一位女士。
Exercises 习题
A. Fill in the blanks in the table.
填充表里的空格。
| Positive 原级 | Comparative 比较级 | Superlative 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| brave | braver | bravest |
| wonderful | more wonderful | most wonderful |
| clean | ____________ | ____________ |
| ____________ | shallower | ____________ |
| good | ____________ | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | merriest |
| ____________ | tidier | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | most logical |
| young | ____________ | ____________ |
| ____________ | more careful | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | lightest |
| bad | ____________ | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | healthiest |
| ____________ | more important | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | the least |
| smooth | ____________ | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | most beautiful |
| ____________ | wilder | ____________ |
| ____________ | ____________ | most comfortable |
| ____________ | more | ____________ |
| slim | ____________ | ____________ |
B. Choose the right answers.
选择正确的答案。
1. Your knife is as ( sharp, sharper ) as mine.
2. My grandfather is ( healthier, healthiest ) than my grandmother.
3. Daniel is the ( tall, tallest ) student in his class.
4. This lake is ( shallowest, shallower ) than the one behind my house.
5. Mrs. Richie’s culinary skills is ( bad, worse ) than Mrs. Carlisle’s.
6. Linda is a ( more popular, most popular ) singer than Janet.
7. Benedict is the ( fatter, fattest ) member in his family.
8. Tina’s necklace is as ( expensive, more expensive ) as mine.
9. A tortoise is ( slower, slowest ) than a snake but ( fast, faster ) than a snail.
10. The Nile River is the ( longer, longest ) river in the world.
C. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.
用括号里形容词正确的形式来填充空格。
1. Light travels __________ (fast) than sound.
2. Leslie is as __________ (intelligent) as Laura.
3. Of the three men, Mr. Parker is the __________ (wealthy).
4. Jupiter is the __________ (large) planet in the solar system.
5. Which suitcase is __________ (suitable) for me – the blue one or the black one?
6. Look! My kite is flying __________ (high) than yours.
7. Miss Angel is __________ (strict) than Miss Belinda in class.
8. My kitten is as __________ (cute) as yours.
9. Among the six of us, Timothy caught the __________ (many) fish yesterday.
10. This movie is __________ (exciting) than the one I saw last week.
D. Rewrite the following sentences, using the correct form of the adjectives in brackets.
重写以下的句子，并采用括号里形容词正确的形式。
1. I think keeping a dog as a pet is (good) than keeping a cat.
2. Which is the (ferocious) beast in the world?
3. The weather today is as (windy) as the weather yesterday.
4. This restaurant serves the (bad) food in town.
5. This is the (exciting) story that I have ever read.
6. Diamond is the (hard) substance on earth.
7. Gold is (valuable) than silver.
8. Marie is the (pretty) lady at the party.
9. The lamp in my room is as (bright) as the lamp in yours.
10. Traveling by air is (expensive) than traveling by land.
Answers 答案
A.
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| brave | braver | bravest |
| wonderful | more wonderful | most wonderful |
| clean | cleaner | cleanest |
| shallow | shallower | shallowest |
| good | better | best |
| merry | merrier | merriest |
| tidy | tidier | tidiest |
| logical | more logical | most logical |
| young | younger | youngest |
| careful | more careful | most careful |
| light | lighter | lightest |
| bad | worse | worst |
| healthy | healthier | healthiest |
| important | more important | most important |
| little | less than | the least |
| smooth | smoother | smoothest |
| beautiful | more beautiful | most beautiful |
| wild | wilder | wildest |
| comfortable | more comfortable | most comfortable |
| many/much | more | most |
| slim | slimmer | slimmest |
B.
1. sharp
2. healthier
3. tallest
4. shallower
5. worse
6. more popular
7. fattest
8. expensive
9. slower, faster
10. longest
C.
1. faster
2. intelligent
3. wealthiest
4. largest
5. more suitable
6. higher
7. stricter
8. cute
9. most
10. more exciting
D.
1. I think keeping a dog as a pet is better than keeping a cat.
2. Which is the most ferocious beast in the world?
3. The weather today is as windy as the weather yesterday.
4. This restaurant serves the (bad) food in town.
5. This is the most exciting story that I have ever read.
6. Diamond is the hardest substance on earth.
7. Gold is more valuable than silver.
8. Marie is the prettiest lady at the party.
9. The lamp in my room is as bright as the lamp in yours.
10. Traveling by air is more expensive than traveling by land.